Rohingya Muslim refugees wait for relief on the Bangladesh side of the border after fleeing violence in western Myanmar, Sept. 11, 2017. NurPhoto/SIPA USA/Press Association. All rights reserved.My heart has broken. Many times, in many ways over the past twenty
days. It has been splintered, hammered, shattered, parched, starved and numbed
beyond recognition.

As a human rights advocate who has worked on the Rohingya
issue for about ten years, I have experienced my fair share of despair in the
face of the many atrocities this community has endured. Through my work, I have
become familiar with an ever-growing list of violations against them, which
have increasingly convinced me that the Rohingya – widely recognised as the
most persecuted minority in the world – are the victims of crimes against
humanity and genocide. Not a conclusion I arrived at lightly, but one which I
have grappled
with over time.

Even so, nothing prepared me for the last twenty days.

I lack the vocabulary to process, let alone describe what has
been happening in Rakhine state. Such extreme expressions of hatred, bigotry
and violence are beyond my comprehension. The thought of being at the receiving
end, beyond my imagination.

What words do I know to capture the agony of a two-year-old
being burnt alive, her parents forced to watch. Or a teenager gang-raped by a
horde of men, just after her father has been shot point blank? How can I even begin
to describe the sheer fatigue of a man forced to walk for a week, gun-shot
wounded, without any food, while carrying his grandmother? Or the all-encompassing
loss of a woman – home burnt, family killed, dignity torn to shreds?

Can my imagination be wild enough to understand the courage
of a mother who gives birth to her baby while fleeing blood thirsty genocidaires,
or the desperation of another whose starving, traumatised and fatigued body
cannot produce breastmilk for her infants? What about the nine-year-old child
who overnight became the sole protector of her one-year old brother, and had to
carry him across borders to safety? Or the disabled man who crawled on all
fours for days to escape his persecutors? Or the woman, who within touching
distance of the relative safety of Bangladesh, treads on a landmine planted by
the Burmese army? What words in what language can describe the sense of
betrayal that must be felt by the countless IDPs who are starving to death
because international humanitarian aid no longer reaches them?

Possibly over 400,000 refugees in twenty days. 20,000 a day.
Almost a thousand an hour. Each of them scarred, starving, traumatised, hunted,
degraded, persecuted, fatigued. Each of them denied their identity, branded
liars, systematically persecuted, deemed too ugly to be raped by the Burmese
state, its propaganda machine and murderous mobs.

And not for the first time.

The Rohingya have been beaten down, detested, dehumanised,
destroyed. Over and over and over and over again.

There is a genocide happening before our eyes. If only we
can bear to look.

The Rohingya genocide

The Rohingya genocide didn’t begin on 25 August 2017, or
September 2016, or even June 2012. It has been steadily going about its
business as the world went about its own, for many decades.

Under international law (the UN
Genocide Convention and the Rome
Statute), genocide is defined as killing, causing serious bodily or mental
harm, inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about physical
destruction, imposing measures to prevent births or forcibly transferring
children of a national, ethnic, racial or religious group with the intention of
destroying the group in whole or in part. 

For over 40
years, the Burmese state has been engaged in wholescale persecution
of the Rohingya; denial and deprivation of their nationality; denial of their
history and identity; restrictions on marriage and children; forced
malnutrition and forced labour; restrictions on education, healthcare and
movement; arbitrary arrests and killings; all with the cumulative intent of
denying their participation in society, driving them out and destroying them.
This systemic
and structured persecution has been interspersed with waves of acute
violence carried out by state and non-state actors alike – in 1978, 1991, 2012,
2015; and has been fuelled by the most vitriolic propaganda campaign which has
brainwashed a country into reviling and fearing the most vulnerable and
downtrodden among them.

For too long, the calls of human rights actors have been
ignored, dismissed, muted. For too long, other labels have been used so as not
to offend. ‘Inter-communal violence’ cried the world in 2012, when the state
apparatus lined up with Rakhine extremists to kill, plunder, drive out and displace
hundreds of thousands of Rohingya: ‘genocide’ and ‘crimes against humanity’ whispered
the activists who saw a deathly 40-year-old pattern. ‘Inter-communal
violence’ cried the world in 2012…: ‘genocide’ and ‘crimes against humanity’
whispered the activists who saw a deathly 40-year-old pattern.

Genocide never happens in isolation, nor is it inevitable.
It is denied, enabled, enforced; through lies, complicity, counter-narratives,
propaganda, turning a blind eye, weighing human life against economic and
geopolitical gain. For genocide to be possible, the right environment has to be
carefully cultivated over many years. For it to actually be carried out, the
rest of the world has to be too divided, conflicted, selfish or indecisive to –
even for a short moment in time – come together to protect those under fire. In
the Rohingya genocide, we see all these ingredients and more.

Statelessness

The arbitrary denial and deprivation of Rohingya’s Burmese
nationality has played a pivotal role in how they are perceived
and treated. Rohingya have faced targeted exclusion and persecution at
least since the 1970s; but it was the 1982 citizenship law which entrenched
their statelessness. The Rohingya were denied citizenship because they are an
unwanted minority. Once made stateless, this was used to reinforce the dominant
narrative that they are not from Burma, that they are illegal immigrants from
Bangladesh. Their statelessness was drawn on to deny their identity (they are
Bengali, there are no Rohingya) and their history. It became the justification
for the suffocating restrictions imposed on them. It mattered not, that there
was no international law or historical basis for any of this. The statelessness of the Rohingya, their resultant treatment
and the surrounding discourse, paved the way for what was to follow.

The jihadist
terrorist narrative

Myanmar justifies its brutalisation of the Rohingya, by
pointing to the ‘jihadist’, ‘terrorist’ ARSA. It is a convenient narrative that
feeds off a wider global islamophobia. The state – and particularly the
military – is intent on painting the Rohingya as violent extremists for two
reasons. First, to attribute state crimes against the Rohingya to the Rohingya
themselves. Second, to garner domestic and international support for the terror
that the military is unleashing.

The amateurish propaganda footage of the state, of clearly
non-Rohingya torch bearers setting houses alight has been dwarfed by the
testimony from among the over 400,000 refugees who have fled to Bangladesh, as
well as the few reports that have been possible for independent reporters
within Rakhine state. There is no doubt that the ARSA are a violent group, though
their size and capacity appears to be grossly exaggerated. And while violence
is never the answer, it is worth bearing in mind that members of many minority
groups, including others in Myanmar, have resorted to armed resistance in the
face of much less than has been meted out to the Rohingya over the decades. It
is also important to note that ARSA’s public demands have been for equal rights
and protection of the Rohingya, an independent UN investigation and
accountability for perpetrators. A convenient
narrative that feeds off a wider global islamophobia…

Aung San Suu Kyi

Aung San Suu Kyi is increasingly criticised for her position
on the Rohingya. However, many of these criticisms still flatter. She is
implored to break her silence. She is called upon to exercise her moral
authority to ease the Rohingya pain. She is sympathised with for being in an
impossible position. She is given more latitude than a slowly turning oil
tanker. Her pedestal may not be as shiny or tall as it used to be, but world
powers are still propping it up. She shields their inaction, as she shields
army action. The ever-diminishing sense is that things cannot be so bad if she
has not spoken out.

There is however, another way of perceiving her. She has not
been silent. She has used her voice to stoke hatred against the Rohingya, to
ridicule the testimonies of survivors of genocide. To accuse humanitarian
actors of colluding with terrorists. To justify the denial of the Rohingya
identity. she is only silent in her unwillingness to speak the name ‘Rohingya’.
And so, she no longer has any moral authority to speak of. She is a failed
leader, who is watching her country burn, her people turn against their
neighbours, her military perpetrate the most unspeakable and atrocious crimes
and who has taken a calculated and cynical decision to stand with the
oppressors. World
powers are still propping it up. She shields their inaction, as she shields
army action.

The military

These oppressors are first and foremost, the Burmese
military, which is led by Senior General Min Aung Hlaing. The testimonies of
victims have consistently and repeatedly identified the military as the primary
perpetrators. Rakhine mobs have also played a crucial, violent role. But the
Burmese military, which still controls the country and which has set itself the
objective of finishing its unfinished business from 1942 is the all-powerful
hand that is orchestrating the unspeakable violence. Pushing the Rohingya out
is not only ideological, it is also economic. Plans for a special
economic zone in Maungdaw are already in the public domain. Ownership of
burnt land reverts to the state. Natural
gas pipelines and the extractive industries are lucrative beyond belief. The
military, stands to profit immensely from its crime against humanity. 

Fake news

In the absence of a strong presence of media or independent
monitors, accusations of fake news are commonplace. The propaganda front is as
important as ever, to whet the appetite for genocide and to deflect and deface
any critical attention. The same state which denied UN investigators entry and
does not allow journalists free access to the affected area, is seeking to
benefit from the resultant near impossibility to verify testimonies.

All news that exposes its hand is deemed to be fake. The state
is also producing its own fake news, forcing those under its control to enact
burnings, so the Rohingya can be blamed for committing mass harakiri. It is
terrifying that despite the sheer weight of evidence, countless Burmese choose
to believe the state version, and even international actors do not disregard it
completely. And so, legitimacy is being given to the lies that perpetuate
genocide.

The international
community

This crisis has yet again highlighted the failures of the UN
to rise above partisanship, bureaucracy and ineffectiveness, despite the
consistent and increasingly louder warnings and pleas of its Human Rights
Office.

The international community appears finally, slowly, to be being
jostled out of its slumber of complicity and indifference. Too slow to prevent
the unimaginable suffering of so many, and it is still unclear if any decisive
action will be taken. Pushing the Rohingya out is not only ideological, it is
also economic… The military, stands to profit immensely from its crime
against humanity.

It is unthinkable that the Burmese military continues to
benefit from arms trade and training from many of the world’s super powers.
That even after the genocide began, they were mooted as a viable option to don
the blue helmets of UN Peacekeeping forces.

The genocide of the Rohingya has proven without doubt and at
great cost, that the world was too hasty to lift sanctions on Myanmar and
congratulate it for its democratisation gains, while lining up to do trade with
the mineral rich country. Such are the times we live in though, that such proof
alone isn’t enough to guarantee a stronger, more principled international
response.

'Islami Andolan Bangladesh' march to Myanmar Embassy to demand, Stop genocide on Rohingya in Dhaka, Bangladesh, on September 13, 2017. NurPhoto/Press Association. All rights reserved.