# Sanitary Napkin Raw Materials: Key Components and Their Functions

Sanitary napkins are essential feminine hygiene products designed to provide comfort and protection during menstruation. Understanding the raw materials used in their production helps consumers make informed choices. Let’s explore the key components and their functions in modern sanitary napkins.

## 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric: Provides softness and comfort
– Perforated plastic film: Offers quick-dry properties
– Cotton-like materials: Mimics natural fabric feel

Function: Allows rapid liquid penetration while keeping the surface dry and comfortable.

## 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Wood pulp (fluff pulp): The traditional absorbent material
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP): Modern high-absorption materials
– Combination of both: For balanced performance

Function: Quickly absorbs and locks away menstrual fluid to prevent leakage and maintain dryness.

## 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leaks and protects clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene (PE) film: Basic waterproof barrier
– Breathable microporous film: Allows air circulation
– Cloth-like materials: For enhanced comfort

Function: Creates a waterproof barrier while allowing some breathability.

## 4. Adhesive Components

Several adhesive elements are used:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive: Keeps the pad in place
– Release paper: Protects the adhesive before use
– Wing adhesives: For securing winged pads

Function: Ensures the pad stays securely in position during use.

## 5. Additional Features

Modern pads may include:

– Fragrance additives: For odor control (though may cause irritation for some)
– Aloe vera or chamomile: For soothing effects
– Antibacterial agents: For enhanced hygiene
– Colorants: For aesthetic appeal

Function: Provide extra comfort, odor control, or visual appeal.

## Environmental Considerations

With growing environmental awareness, manufacturers are exploring:

– Biodegradable materials: Such as bamboo fiber or cornstarch-based polymers
– Organic cotton: For chemical-free options
– Chlorine-free bleaching processes: To reduce environmental impact

Understanding these materials helps consumers choose products that align with their comfort needs, health considerations, and environmental values. The right combination of these components ensures effective protection while maintaining skin health during menstruation.