# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and effectiveness of these products largely depend on their raw material composition. Understanding the materials used in sanitary pad production helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven fabric (polypropylene or polyethylene)
– Perforated film
– Silk-like materials for premium products

Key properties: Softness, breathability, quick-drying capability

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer that determines the pad’s absorption capacity. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Cotton fibers
– Airlaid paper

The absorbent core can hold up to 10 times its weight in liquid, with SAP being particularly effective for fluid retention.

### 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Non-woven fabric composites

Modern back sheets combine moisture protection with breathability to enhance comfort.

## Additional Components

### 4. Adhesive System

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for attachment to underwear
– Release paper for protection before use

### 5. Side Barriers (Wings)

– Non-woven fabric or plastic films

– Often contain elastic elements for better fit

## Material Properties and Considerations

### Safety and Hygiene

All materials must be:

– Hypoallergenic
– Free from harmful chemicals
– Dermatologically tested
– Antibacterial (some premium products)

### Environmental Considerations

Eco-friendly alternatives are gaining popularity:

– Biodegradable top sheets (bamboo fiber)
– Organic cotton cores
– Plant-based SAP
– Compostable back sheets

## Manufacturing Process Overview

The production involves:

1. Layer assembly
2. Shaping and cutting
3. Packaging
4. Sterilization

Quality control ensures consistent thickness, absorption, and softness throughout production.

## Future Trends in Sanitary Pad Materials

Innovations include:

– Smart materials that indicate saturation
– Enhanced breathability technologies
– Sustainable material alternatives
– Odor-neutralizing components

Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad raw materials helps consumers select products that offer optimal comfort, protection, and safety while meeting their specific needs.